Technology
Very often «base» description of organization, determining it , is in-use technology, I.e. method of transformation of raw material in the sought after products and services. This element of organization quite often is perceived employees as a certain mechanism of work of organization on transformation of the initial articles of labour in aggregate results, with the aims of activity of organization. In history it is possible to select a few levels of technologicalness, which was passed by a production.
First levels — , at which every good was created as unique.
The second levels were related to introduction of standardization and mechanization. He began from the production of the first small-arms — muskets and was called to reduce in price a production due to interchangeability of separate elements. Investigation of it was development of specialization in a production. Spetsia¬lizatsii «undergoed» both separate performers and , and firms, plugged in a technological process.
A next level was related to appearance of conveyer frame-clamping lines of beginning of XX в. In the first conveyer lines a worker did not have the own workplace and followed by good. So proceeded until a locomotive conveyer, in which a separate workplace was foreseen for every performer which the articles of labour moved up by, was not invented. Introduction locomotive Henry Fordom allowed tenfold to decrease a production of machines cost.
The known today production and administrative technologies in the end can be considered under the corner of the dominant form of organization of joint activity of performers supposed in their basis, that substantially influences (through the selection of people, possessing the special «group» or «technological» properties) on character of organization.
Under the type of joint activity or form of organization of joint activity in social psychology it is accepted to understand the method of co-operation between the participants of group decision of tasks or problems. In obedience to classification of L.I. Umanskogo, to the number base it is possible to take three type of joint activity: joint-interactive, joint-successive and joint-individual.
1) The joint-interactive type of activity is characterized obligatoryness of participation each in the decision of general task. Thus intensity of labour of performers, as a rule, is approximately identical, the features of their activity are determined a leader and, as a rule. Efficiency of group in an equal degree depends on a deposit each of its participants. The joint moving of weights can serve illustration of such variant of organization of joint activity.